priest-boss-2Oleh: Suryadi
Tuanku Imam Bonjol (TIB) (1722-1864), who was appointed as a national hero Presidential Decree No. berdasarkam. 087/TK/Tahun 1973, 6 November 1973, was the main leader in West Sumatra Padri War (1803-1837) that persistent against the Dutch.
During the 62 years of Indonesian independence, the name of the lord Imam Bonjol present in the nation's public space: the street names, stage names, the name of the university, even at USD 5000 output sheets Bank Indonesia 6 November 2001.
However, recently emerged petition, his Sued Heroism. TIB Accused of violating human rights Padri Because forces invaded the Land of Batak (1816-1833) who killed "millions" of people in the area (http://www.petitiononline .. com / Knurl / petition.html).
Padri Cruelty highlighted by the publication of books Parlindungan MO, Pongkinangolngolan Sinamabela degree Tuanku Rao: Hanbali school of Islamic Terror in Batak, 1816-1833 (2006) (first edition published in 1964, has been Criticized Hamka roomates, 1974), then Followed the Hamidy Basyral Harahap work, lost interest Tuanku Rao (2007).
Second author, coincidentally from Batak Land, recounts the Suffering of their ancestors and the Batak people in general for the army offensive in the region 1816-1833 Padri Mandailing, Bakkara, and surrounding areas (Tempo, October 2007).
The myth of Heroism
The Emergence of the correction of historical discourse Indonesia recently raised criticism of the concept of a national hero. Intellectuals and academics, particularly Historians, is the party most responsible when Evaluating historical discourse that only resulted in friction at the ground level that could Potentially divide this nation.
The academic end of the pen must be sharp, but the texts torehannya results should not Contain the "heat". That's why in the academic tradition, nuanced word wiki in scientific texts, the author should be removed.
Every generation has the right to interpret history (nation) of his own. However, a new generation of this nation, who lived in the imagination-Globalism should be aware of, any nation-state in the world requires confirmation myths. Myth inauguration was not bad. He was an important ingredient in the as-no "glue" of the nation. National heroes, such as Prince Diponegoro, Sultan Hasanuddin, Sisingamangaraja XII, also TIB, and the other is part of the myth of the inaugural Indonesia.
Jeffrey Hadler in "An History of Violence and Secular State in Indonesia: Tuanku Imam Bondjol and Uses of History" (forthcoming in the Journal of Asian Studies, 2008) Showed, Heroism TIB has been established since the early days of independence to the New Order era, at least in relation to three interests.
First, create a persistent myth hero figure against the Netherlands as part of the historical discourse of unifying the nation.
Second, eliminating the discourse of Islamic radicalism in order to create a nation-state that is tolerant towards religious and cultural diversity.
Third, the "embrace" ethnic Minang back to the presence of Indonesia roomates has received a negative stigma in the eyes of the aftermath center PRRI.
We're not sure, is there a seed particle keindonesiaan in the struggle for TIB and other local leaders were living contemporaries, roomates is now Recognized as a national hero.
We also know at the time that slavery was part of the social system and some traditional royal Nusantara territorial expansion by attacking some of the neighboring kingdom. Local leaders Fought against the Dutch Because It encouraged the spirit of regionalism, perhaps motivated desire to maintain the hegemony of the ruling being challenged due to the arrival of the West. However, they eventually became a national hero Because The nation needs a unifying myth.
Not a perfect man
It can not be denied, leaving Padri War heroics at once traumatic memories in the memory of the nation. For about the first 20 years of the war (1803-1821) was a practical fellow Minangkabau berbunuhan and Batak Mandailing or general.
Dutch intervention in the war was marked by attacks Simawang and Hard Water by army Captain Captain Dienema Goffinet and early April 1821 on the orders of the Resident James du Puy in Padang. Company INVOLVED in the war as "invited" the Indigenous.
On February 21, 1821 they were handed Officially darek region (inland Minangkabau) to the Company in the agreement that was signed in Padang, as compensation to the Dutch who are willing to help fight the Padri. Join the "invite" the rest of the family dynasty under Sultan Pagaruyung Muningsyah who survived the killings by forces led by Lord Padri Pasaman Tangah Koto, near Stone Cage, in 1815 (not 1803 as Mentioned Parlindungan, 2007:136-41).
However, since the beginning of 1833 the war turned into a war between the indigenous and the religious against the Netherlands. Memorie Tuanku Imam Bonjol (MTIB) - transliterasinya by Sjafnir Aboe Nain (Padang: PPIM, 2004), an important source of native Padri War Historians who growing niche to be ignored during this-note, how do the parties stand shoulder to shoulder against the Netherlands .
The parties initially opposed finally united against the Netherlands. At the end of remorse Appears consciousness, inviting the Dutch in the conflict actually miserable Minangkabau society itself.
In MTIB, reflected a sense of remorse for the actions of the Padri TIB over fellow Minang and Mandailing. TIB aware, the struggle has deviated from the teachings of religion. "The law of the Book of Allah multiply that by our deck too. How do our minds?" (The Qur'aan many laws that have been terlangkahi by us. How your mind?), Wrote in MTIB TIB (p. 39) .
TIB regret and heroic struggle against the Dutch with their followers who surrounded Bonjol from all directions for about six months (16 March-17 August 1837)-as a detailed report in Het Einde De Salis Padri Oorlog: Het beleg en de vermeestering van Bondjol 1834 -1837: Een bronnenpublicatie [End Padri War: Siege and Seizure Bonjol 1834-1837; A Publication Source] (2004): 59-183-may be used as consideration for Forgiveness for the errors and mistakes that have been done TIB.
Now this nation that must Determine if the TIB will continue to be placed or derived from the "national Heroism litter" that has been "paraded" by the previous generation of this country in their collective memory. (Reuters 10/11/2007 By Suryadi, Lecturer and Researcher at the talen en Culturen Opleiding van Zuidoost-Azie en Oceanië, Universiteit Leiden, The Netherlands)